how does the skeletal system work

The bones of the arm and hand include the humerus, the upper arm bone. Some are not movable, such as the suture joints between the cranial bones. The bones of the skull include the frontal bone, which forms the forehead and bony sockets that contain the eyes. Your reachers, grabbers, and hoofers are all covered in this section. The main part of your skeletal system consists of your bones, hard structures that create your body’s framework — the skeleton. © 2019 www.azcentral.com. The cartilage forms a padding/layer between the bones of a joint, so that they can move comfortably without too much friction. The bone marrow produces approximately 2.6 million hematocytes per second! Bones are complete organs, chiefly made up of connective tissue called osseous or bony tissue plus a rich supply of blood vessels and nerves. The skeletal system surrounds these organs and safeguards delicate nerve tissue from trauma. Nutrient canals are tiny openings through which the nerves pass in and out of the bones. The Greek diskos means “flat plate.” An example is the lumbar disk. The newly formed marrow is red, whereas the older marrow is yellow in color. The skeletal system’s main function is to provide support for the body. The scapulae extend to join with the clavicle at the acromion. Both the mandible and maxilla contain sockets called alveoli, in which the teeth are embedded. The ribs move five million times a year — every time you breathe. It replenishes these minerals in the blood when their supply is depleted. The second cervical vertebra, C2 (the axis), acts as a pivot, about which the atlas rotates, allowing head to turn from side to side, extend, and flex. Ribs 8–12 are called false ribs. Bone marrow is responsible for making new blood cells. Osteology is the study of bones. Each end of a long bone is called the epiphysis. The third division consists of five lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5). They are filled with red bone marrow and serve as an attachment for abdominal wall muscles. It is also a fused bone, formed from four small coccygeal bones. Each … The uppermost part of the sternum joins to the sides of the clavicle and ribs, whereas the other, narrowed portion is attached to the diaphragm. Not much blood flows through either tendons or ligaments, which means slower healing from strains or tears. Nutrients are provided to this system through blood vessels that are contained within canals in bone. For example, the spinal column provides support for the head and torso. Other areas of the bone are used as storage areas for minerals necessary for growth, such as calcium and phosphorus. In the absence of these white blood cells, even a common cold could assume gigantic proportions and prove fatal. Other functions include stability, posture and protection. Ever wondered how we manage to move around? Her writing focus is travel, equestrian and health and medical articles, but she enjoys writing human interest stories as well. The large head of the humerus is round and joins the scapula and clavicle. Orthopedic doctors specialize in the skeletal system. For starters, the shaft or middle region of a long bone is called the diaphysis. The skeletal system works to support your body. The skeletal system surrounds these organs and safeguards delicate nerve tissue from trauma. Okay, joints aren’t really made of glue, but they sure do a good job of keeping everything connected. The metacarpals are five bones radiating to the fingers. Of particular importance is the skeletal system's ability to protect the central nervous system, which is made up of the spinal cord and the brain. Colles’ fracture was first described by Dr. Andrew Colles, an Irish surgeon in 1814. They're responsible for replenishing and replacing cells in the body that have been damaged or lost. When t… The patella, or kneecap, is a small flat bone that lies in front of the joint between the femur and one of the lower leg bones called the tibia. Osteoblasts, which are growth cells, release proteins when the bone moves, in response to the contraction or expansion of muscles, resulting in growth. // Leaf Group Lifestyle. They are the strongest and largest of the back bones. The thorax (not to be confused with a character invented by Dr. Seuss) starts with the clavicle, or the collarbone, connecting the sternum (breastbone) to each shoulder. Connective tissue is found all over your body and comes in different forms. Ashlee Simmons has written professionally for more than 10 years. The skeletal system works as a support structure for your body. The fibula is the smaller of the two bones. Other facial bones include the nasal bones, and the maxillary bones. Think of the word axis when you think about the axial skeleton. Their high tensile strength keeps the skeletal system supported while allowing movement at the joints. Broken bones can take several months to heal completely. When a muscle contracts, one of the attached bones remains stationary, as a result of other muscles holding it in place. There are 206 bones in an adult human skeleton. The zygoma or zygomatic bones form the cheek. The bone surfaces at a joint are covered with a smooth surface called the articular cartilage. Fractures are often classified by a system called the Salter-Harris system, which identifies whether a fracture involves only the physis, or could involve the epiphysis and/or the diaphysis as well. Blood vessels get in and out of the bones by little openings called nutrient canals. McGraw-Hill notes that the skeletal system also plays an important role in the body's regulation of calcium. To help the body move freely, the skeletal system works very closely with the muscular system, which contains all the muscles in the body. Figure 12-1 illustrates the skeleton. The synovial membrane is the inner layer of the capsule, the layer beneath the capsular surface. You already know that skeletal muscles, or striated muscles, are the muscles that move the bones of the body. The cartilage can wear away or thin down over a period of time, due to friction caused by excessive use of the joint. The mandible joins the skull at the temporal bone, forming the lengthily named temporomandibular joint. Bones are mostly made up of collagen fibrils. Together, these bones create a sort of mega-bone that makes up the upper portion of your face. Be careful when working with a newborn cranium, as the cranial bones of a newborn are not completely joined. How Do the Systems of the Body Work Together? The human skeleton consists of 206 separate bones. According to Minnesota State University's Emuseum, one of the most important ways the skeletal system works with other systems is via protection.

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